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"To the shores of Tripoli" goes the Marine Hymn. The Barbary pirates (also called Barbary corsairs) were pirates who operated from the 16th through the 19th centuries along the Barbary Coast of North Africa, preying on ships in the Mediterranean Sea and into the Atlantic Ocean. Many were Muslim seafarers from North Africa, but their ranks also included renegades from Europe who converted to Islam and joined them. They raided merchant ships, seized cargo, and captured crews and passengers. Captives were sold as slaves in North African markets or held for ransom. The pirates often operated under the protection (or at least tolerance) of the North African Ottoman regencies, and their leaders were sometimes state officials. The United States fought two separate wars with Tripoli (1801--1805) and Algiers (1815--1816) in an attempt to shut down the piracy, although at other times it preferred to pay tribute to obtain the release of hostage captives.
On Campus Session
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