The Middle East is a region of chaos and violent conflict, which appears bereft of any serious negotiations. Borders seem insignificant and centuries-old hatreds are exploited by autocratic leaders. This course will examine individual conflicts and their origins, provide insight into this instability, and explore why it is unique to this part of the world. Topics include Iran vs Saudi Arabia, proxy wars in Syria and Yemen, Turkey vs Kurdistan, Israelis vs Palestinians, Egypt and the legacy of the Arab Spring. We also will analyze the role of the United States and consider why it is difficult for us to balance diplomatic and military engagement strategies?